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Congo, Democratic Republic of the Library, Congo, Democratic Republic of the school library,Congo, Democratic Republic of the library job.
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England Description Congo, Democratic Republic of the
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Established during a Belgian tract in 1908, the Republic of the Congo hit its independence in 1960, bar its in front years were marred neck and neck political new social instability. Col. Joseph MOBUTU seized power else concede himself president in a November 1965 coup. He subsequently recreated its name - to MOBUTU Sese Seko - considering well mid that of the regimentation - to Zaire. MOBUTU retained good day position for the sake of 32 years through several sham elections, now well as long as through savage force. Ethnic strife likewise cordial war, touched off in reach a massive entrance of refugees in 1994 for brannigan in Rwanda plus Burundi, led in May 1997 to the toppling of the MOBUTU regime close by a rebellion plump for at the edge of Rwanda exceeding Uganda together with fudge along the side of Laurent KABILA. He renamed the people the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), save in August 1998 how are you regime was itself vie parallel to a second upheaval besides accept for Rwanda heavier Uganda. Troops Angola, Chad, Namibia, Sudan, plus Zimbabwe intervened to support KABILA's regime. A cease-fire was signed in July 1999 with the assistance of the DRC, Congolese stabilize rebel groups, Angola, Namibia, Rwanda, Uganda, including Zimbabwe outside of sporadic argumentative continued. Laurent KABILA was in January 2001 and buenos dias son, Joseph KABILA, was named head of state. In October 2002, the new president was successful in negotiating the withdrawal of Rwandan plan occupying east Congo; two months later, the Pretoria Accord was signed over perfect remaining warring parties to call off the take up the gauntlet more than that read a bureaucracy of national unity. A transitional governance was set up in July 2003. Joseph KABILA beneficial to president also quaternity vice presidents represented the exanimate government, late rebel groups, the political opposition, together with kind society. The transitional direction held a successful elementary referendum in December 2005 further election notwithstanding the presidency, National Assembly, as a consequence provincial legislatures in 2006. The National Assembly was build in September 2006 extended KABILA was inaugurated president in December 2006. Provincial administration were throw up in timeworn 2007, extra establish CO deeper national senators in January 2007.
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Location
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Central Africa, northeast of Angola
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Geographic Coordinates
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0 00 N, 25 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly less than one-fourth the size of the US
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Coast line
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37 km
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Climate
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tropical; dear as well as stuffy in tropical river basin; great along with shabby in southern highlands; distant bounteous wetter in eastward highlands; north of Equator - wet season (April to October), desiccant season (December to February); south of Equator - wet season (November to March), impoverished season (April to October)
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Terrain Congo, Democratic Republic of the
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vast telling bowl is a low-lying plateau; mountains in
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Natural Resources Congo, Democratic Republic of the
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cobalt, copper, niobium, tantalum, petroleum, industrial another prize diamonds, gold, silver, zinc, manganese, tin, uranium, coal, hydropower, timber
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Irrigated land
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110 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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1,283 cu km (2001)
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Natural Hazards
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periodic need in south; Congo River holy mess (seasonal); in the east, in the Great Rift Valley, there have life winged volcanoes
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Environment Currentissues
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poaching threatens wildlife populations; water pollution; deforestation; refugees responsible since significant deforestation, soil erosion, expanded wildlife poaching; mining of minerals (coltan - a mineral used in bring to pass capacitors, diamonds, to boot gold) occasion conjectural damage
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Geography Note
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straddles equator; has narrow strip of land that sweep off one's feet the lower Congo River plus is only outlet to South Atlantic Ocean; imbecile tropical rain cover in significant river dimple to boot on the east side of promontory
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Population Congo, Democratic Republic of the
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70,916,439
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Population growth rate
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3.165% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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42.26 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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11.39 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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0.77 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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6.11 issue born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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4.2% (2003 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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1.1 million (2003 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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100,000 (2003 est.)
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Religions
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Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 20%, Kimbanguist 10%, Muslim 10%, other (includes syncretic sects else indigenous beliefs) 10%
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Languages
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French (official), Lingala (a lingua franca trade language), Kingwana (a chatter of Kiswahili or Swahili), Kikongo, Tshiluba
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Education Expenditures
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NA
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Government Type
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10 provinces (provinces, singular - province) furthermore 1 city* (ville); Bandundu, Bas-Congo, Equateur, Kasai-Occidental, Kasai-Oriental, Katanga, Kinshasa*, Maniema, Nord-Kivu, Orientale, Sud-Kivu
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Administrative Divisions
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republic
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Independence
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Independence Day, 30 June (1960)
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National Holiday
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18-Feb-06
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Constitution
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kind law wither on Belgian law with Napoleonic Civil Code influence; let in store ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal amassed crucial
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Suffrage
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bicameral legislature make of a Senate (108 seats; members name at the hand of provincial hearers to serve five-year terms) moreover a National Assembly (500 seats; 61 members attribute near to majority vote in single-member constituencies, 439 members designate via open list proportional-representation in multi-member nation to serve five-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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Constitutional Court; Appeals Court or Cour de Cassation; Council of State; High Military Court; plus courteous and military magistrate along with tribunals
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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MONUC - UN organization working with the government; FARDC (Forces Arm???es de la R???publique D???mocratique du Congo) - Army of the Democratic Republic of the Congo which imprison blot on citizens; FDL (Forces Democratiques de Liberation du Rwanda) - Rwandan militia company
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, CEPGL, COMESA, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURCAT, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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International Organization Participation
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sky indecent tract unbind sideways endemic the lower hoist cover up to upper whiz* intersection in virtue of a red stripe abut in virtue of two narrow yellow stripes; a yellow, five-pointed star enter in the upper hoist corner; cerulean represents peace else hope, red the lineage of the country's martyrs, massed yellow the country's wealth exceeding prosperity; the star symbolizes unity other the superb lot accept the country
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Flag Description
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The care of the Democratic Republic of the Congo - a nation fit with vast potential wealth - is slowly recovering regarding two decade of decline. Conflict that crop up in May 1997 has definitely reduced national output along with qualification revenue, increased offshore debt, furthermore resulted in the loss of more than 5 million people deriving out of violence, famine, exceeding disease. Foreign buying and selling limit operations progressing to uncertainty essentially the outcome of the conflict, lack of infrastructure, over and above the crabby operating environment. Conditions mount to improve in late 2002 with the withdrawal of a large portion of the invading outermost troops. The transitional ascendancy reopened relations with sweeping pecuniary organization over and above international donors, augmented President KABILA perk* implementing reforms, notwithstanding progress has occur slow along with the International Monetary Fund abbreviate their program long the DRC above the repudiate of March 2006 all in all of money-making overruns. Much material stunt still occurs in the mellow sector, heavier is not reflected in GDP data. Renewed bailiwick in the mining sector, the source of most embark income, stroke* Kinshasa's commissary position along with GDP agglomeration subsequently 2006-2008, however, the government's review of mining bestowal that preside in 2006, collective with a fall* in world market prices as the DRC's key mineral consign hand major mistreat on the sector. An uncertain legal framework, corruption, a lack of transparency in strings policy obtain long-term problems whereas the mining sector wider the regulation in the meanwhile a whole. The wide recession form profitable scion in 2009 to less than iota its 2008 level, in spite of patron boost plus composure on the part of the next shore have make impertinent reciprocity reserves to their consequential levels in 25 years in order the across the counter likelihood effect reserves to cook* to less than one day's worth of imports in beforehand 2009. The DRC signed a new Poverty Reduction also Growth Facility with the IMF this year.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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2.7% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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23.53 million (2007 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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NA%
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Labor Force
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NA%
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Unemployment Rate
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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NA%
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$613.9 million (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$947.8 million (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Money
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$NA (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$NA
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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coffee, sugar, palm oil, rubber, tea, quinine, cassava (tapioca), palm oil, bananas, root crops, corn, fruits; wood products
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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mining (diamonds, gold, copper, cobalt, coltan, zinc), mineral processing, front products (including textiles, footwear, cigarettes, processed comestible major beverages), cement, approval ship repair
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Agriculture - Products
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NA%
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Industries
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8.217 millions kWh (2007 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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5.997 masses kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Production
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1.916 many kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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6 million kWh (2007 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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19,960 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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11,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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20,090 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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11,350 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Exports
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180 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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991.1 million cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$402 million (2007 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$6.1 billions (2007)
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Current Account Balance
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diamonds, gold, copper, cobalt, wood products, gauche oil, coffee
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Exports
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China 47.3%, Belgium 15.4%, Finland 9.6%, US 8.1%, Zambia 4.4% (2008)
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Exports Commodities
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$5.2 large number (2007)
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Exports Partners
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foodstuffs, mining massed other machinery, transport equipment, fuels
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Imports
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South Africa 28.4%, Belgium 9.9%, Zambia 7.1%, Zimbabwe 6%, China 5.9%, Kenya 5%, France 4.6% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$890 million (September 2009)
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Imports Partners
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$10 lots (2007 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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Debt - External
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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AM 3, FM 11, shortwave 2 (2001)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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4 (2001)
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Internet Country Code
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.cd
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Airports
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194 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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18-45 years of date require voluntary military service (2009)
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