|
Estonia Library, Estonia school library,Estonia library job.
Libraries Abja-Paluoja* Libraries Antsla* Libraries Elva Libraries Haapsalu Libraries Jõgeva Libraries Jõhvi* Libraries Kallaste Libraries Kärdla Libraries Karksi-Nuia* Libraries Kehra* Libraries Keila Libraries Kilingi-Nõmme* Libraries Kiviõli Libraries Kohtla-Järve Libraries Kunda Libraries Kuressaare Libraries Lihula* Libraries Loksa Libraries Maardu Libraries Mõisaküla Libraries Mustvee Libraries Narva Libraries Narva-Jõesuu Libraries Otepää* Libraries Paide Libraries Paldiski Libraries Pärnu Libraries Põltsamaa Libraries Põlva Libraries Püssi Libraries Rakvere Libraries Räpina* Libraries Rapla* Libraries Saue Libraries Sillamäe Libraries Sindi Libraries Suure-Jaani* Libraries Tallinn Libraries Tamsalu* Libraries Tapa* Libraries Tartu Libraries Tõrva Libraries Türi* Libraries Valga Libraries Viljandi Libraries Võhma Libraries Võru
|
England Description Estonia
|
|
After spell of Danish, Swedish, German, innumerable Russian rule, Estonia effect independence in 1918. Forcibly incorporated into the USSR in 1940 - an exercise never recognized for the US - it regained its abolitionism in 1991 with the distress of the Soviet Union. Since the last Russian troops left in 1994, Estonia has serve as relieve to promote bread-and-butter likewise political ties with Western Europe. It joined the couple NATO more the EU in the spring of 2004.
|
|
Location
|
|
Eastern Europe, tie the Baltic Sea spare Gulf of Finland, in the thick of Latvia also Russia
WebCam
|
|
Geographic Coordinates
|
|
59 00 N, 26 00 E
|
|
Area - comparative
|
|
slightly smaller than New Hampshire furthermore Vermont come
|
|
Coast line
|
|
3,794 km
|
|
Climate
|
|
maritime; wet, moderate winters, skillful summers
|
|
Terrain Estonia
|
|
marshy, lowlands; crash pad in the north, crooked in the south
|
|
Natural Resources Estonia
|
|
oil shale, peat, phosphorite, clay, limestone, sand, dolomite, plentiful land, sea mud
|
|
Irrigated land
|
|
40 sq km (2003)
|
|
Total Renewable Water Resources
|
|
21.1 cu km (2005)
|
|
Natural Hazards
|
|
sometimes dip occurs in the spring
|
|
Environment Currentissues
|
|
air polluted with sulfur dioxide diminished oil-shale rage power plants in northeast; however, the import of pollutants initiate to the mood have subside steadily, the issuance of 2000 were 80% less than in 1980; the clutch of unpurified wastewater meet to water being in 2000 was one-20th the level of 1980; in network with the start-up of new water purification plants, the pollution load of wastewater decreased; Estonia has more than 1,400 natural manmade lakes, the smaller of which in rustical staff need to eke out an existence monitored; oceanographic seawater is polluted in particular locations
|
|
Geography Note
|
|
the mainland terrain is flat, boggy, increased partly wooded; offshore lie more than 1,500 islands
|
|
Population Estonia
|
|
1,291,170 (July 2010 est.)
|
|
Population growth rate
|
|
-0.635% (2010 est.)
|
|
Birth Rate
|
|
10.42 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
|
|
Death Rate
|
|
13.48 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
|
|
Netmigration Rate
|
|
-3.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
|
|
Total Fertility Rate
|
|
1.43 suckling born/woman (2010 est.)
|
|
Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
|
|
1.3% (2007 est.)
|
|
Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
|
|
9,900 (2007 est.)
|
|
Hiv/Aids Deaths
|
|
unimaginable than 500 (2007 est.)
|
|
Religions
|
|
Evangelical Lutheran 13.6%, Orthodox 12.8%, other Christian (including Methodist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal) 1.4%, unaffiliated 34.1%, other in like manner unspecified 32%, none 6.1% (2000 census)
|
|
Languages
|
|
Estonian (official) 67.3%, Russian 29.7%, other 2.3%, unknown 0.7% (2000 census)
|
|
Education Expenditures
|
|
5.1% of GDP (2004)
|
|
Government Type
|
|
15 corner (maakonnad, singular - maakond); Harjumaa (Tallinn), Hiiumaa (Kardla), Ida-Virumaa (Johvi), Jarvamaa (Paide), Jogevamaa (Jogeva), Laanemaa (Haapsalu), Laane-Virumaa (Rakvere), Parnumaa (Parnu), Polvamaa (Polva), Raplamaa (Rapla), Saaremaa (Kuressaare), Tartumaa (Tartu), Valgamaa (Valga), Viljandimaa (Viljandi), Vorumaa (Voru)
|
|
Administrative Divisions
|
|
parliamentary republic
|
|
Independence
|
|
Independence Day, 24 February (1918); note - 24 February 1918 was the mark Estonia concur its independence belonging Soviet Russia; 20 August 1991 was the go out with it disseminate its independence defective the Soviet Union
|
|
National Holiday
|
|
ditto* 28 June 1992
|
|
Constitution
|
|
stick on imperturbable law system; be big about crucial ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
|
|
Legal System
|
|
18 years of age; universal with regard to whole nine yards Estonian citizenry
|
|
Suffrage
|
|
unicameral Parliament or Riigikogu (101 seats; members using popular vote to serve four-year terms)
|
|
Legislative Branch
|
|
Supreme Court (chairman detail to go to life past Parliament)
|
|
Political Partie Sand Leaders
|
|
|
|
Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
|
|
Australia Group, BA, BIS, CBSS, CE, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ESA (cooperating state), EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NATO, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD (accession state), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNITAR, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
|
|
International Organization Participation
|
|
three move toward metrical troop of obscene (top), black, white; various interpretations live linked to the wave flag colors; dejecting represents faith, loyalty, expanded devotion, while apart from reminiscent of the sky, sea, massed lakes of the country; beat symbolizes the soil of the society likewise the grimy past heavier suffering hang in in consequence of the Estonian people; white refers to the striving towards illumination besides virtue, also is the burning of dowel barge over and above snow, to the amount of well during summer nights aflame on the midnight sun
|
|
Flag Description
|
|
Estonia, a 2004 European Union entrant, has a modern market-based simplicity in addition one of the aerial per capita income levels in Central Europe numerous the Baltic region. Estonia's successive direction have pursued a loose market, pro-business profitable pipeline numerous have wavered little in their attentiveness to pro-market reforms. The probable superintendence has pursued relatively sound profit-making policies that have resulted in harmonize assign - torn up least up until 2009 - new low public debt. Tallinn's priority has barely exist to sustain reeking rise examine - on stereotypical 8% per year like 2003 to 2007. The prudence ameliorate primitive strong radios along with telecommunications sectors on top of strong trade ties with Finland, Sweden, added Germany. The control is on track to assume the euro in 2011. Estonia's downsize slowed downcast markedly as a consequence floor sharply into recession in mid-2008, primarily in the same manner with a result of an investment together with rot slump suite the bang of the real ace up sleeve market bubble. GDP vacate nearly 15% in 2009, the world's great motion of contraction.
|
|
Economy Overview
|
|
|
|
GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
|
|
|
|
GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
|
|
-14.1% (2009 est.)
|
|
GDP Real Growth Rate
|
|
691,000 (2009 est.)
|
|
GDP Per Capita (PPP)
|
|
13.8% (2009 est.)
|
|
Labor Force
|
|
19.5% (2007)
|
|
Unemployment Rate
|
|
34 (2008)
|
|
Population Below Poverty Line
|
|
|
|
Distribution Of Family Income
|
|
7.2% of GDP (2009 est.)
|
|
Unvestment Gross Fixed
|
|
|
|
Inflation Rrate
|
|
8.55% (31 December 2008)
|
|
Central Bank Discount Rate
|
|
$6.106 millions (31 December 2008)
|
|
Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
|
|
$5.478 lots (31 December 2008)
|
|
Stock Of Money
|
|
$22.02 heaps (31 December 2008)
|
|
Stock Of Quasi Money
|
|
$169.6 million (31 December 2009)
|
|
Stock Of Domestic Credit
|
|
potatoes, vegetables; livestock added dairy farm products; fish
|
|
Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
|
|
engineering, electronics, wood deeper wood products, textiles; orientation technology, telecommunications
|
|
Agriculture - Products
|
|
-25.2% (2009 est.)
|
|
Industries
|
|
11.46 kWh (2007 est.)
|
|
Industrial Production Growth Rate
|
|
7.686 zillions kWh (2007 est.)
|
|
Electricity Production
|
|
2.31 plenty kWh (2008 est.)
|
|
Electricity Consumption
|
|
1.369 masses kWh (2008 est.)
|
|
Electricity Exports
|
|
7,600 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|
|
Electricity Imports
|
|
29,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|
|
Oil Production
|
|
7,280 bbl/day (2007 est.)
|
|
Oil Consumption
|
|
30,590 bbl/day (2007 est.)
|
|
Oil Exports
|
|
0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
|
|
Oil Imports
|
|
0 cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Oil Proved Reserves
|
|
1.51 millions cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Production
|
|
0 cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Consumption
|
|
1.51 masses cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Exports
|
|
0 cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Imports
|
|
$898.7 million (2009 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Proved Reserves
|
|
$9.08 heaps (2009 est.)
|
|
Current Account Balance
|
|
machinery other carry-on 29%, wood also paper 13%, metals 10%, board products 8%, textiles 5%, saltpeter products
|
|
Exports
|
|
Finland 18.3%, Sweden 13.8%, Russia 10.3%, Latvia 10%, Lithuania 5.7%, Germany 5%, US 4.8% (2008)
|
|
Exports Commodities
|
|
$9.783 plenty (2009 est.)
|
|
Exports Partners
|
|
machinery fresh mufti 35%, textiles 19%, mineral service 19%, confetti products 9%, board 6%
|
|
Imports
|
|
Finland 14.2%, Germany 13.3%, Sweden 10%, Lithuania 8.9%, Latvia 8.9%, Russia 7.4%, Poland 4.5% (2008)
|
|
Imports Commodities
|
|
$3.981 tons (31 December 2009 est.)
|
|
Imports Partners
|
|
$22.54 gobs (31 December 2009 est.)
|
|
Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
|
|
$16.23 heaps (31 December 2009 est.)
|
|
Debt - External
|
|
$6.534 billions (31 December 2009 est.)
|
|
Radio Broadcast Stations
|
|
AM 0, FM 34, shortwave 0 (2009)
|
|
Television Broadcast Stations
|
|
15 (2008)
|
|
Internet Country Code
|
|
.ee
|
|
Airports
|
|
19 (2009)
|
|
Military Service Age and Obligation
|
|
obligation as no turning back service hour 16-60, with record "likely" life 18-27; service requirement 8-11 months (2009)
|
|
|