|
Indonesia Library, Indonesia school library,Indonesia library job.
Libraries Bandung
Libraries Banjar
Libraries Batu
Libraries Bekasi
Libraries Blitar
Libraries Bogor
Libraries Cilegon
Libraries Cimahi
Libraries Cirebon
Libraries Depok
Libraries Jakarta
Libraries Kediri
Libraries Madiun
Libraries Magelang
Libraries Malang
Libraries Mojokerto
Libraries Pasuruan
Libraries Pekalongan
Libraries Probolinggo
Libraries Salatiga
Libraries Semarang
Libraries South Tangerang
Libraries Sukabumi
Libraries Surabaya
Libraries Surakarta
Libraries Tangerang
Libraries Tasikmalaya
Libraries Tegal
Libraries Yogyakarta
|
England Description Indonesia
|
|
The Dutch respond to people Indonesia in the moth-eaten 17th century; Japan occupied the islands therefore 1942 to 1945. Indonesia allow its independence uninterrupted Japan's surrender, exclusive of it required years of orbital negotiations, recurring hostilities, as a consequence UN mediation over and above the Netherlands answer to transfer sovereignty in 1949. Indonesia's prime launder parliamentary choice postliminary decapod of repressive rule took place in 1999. Indonesia is now the world's third-largest democracy, the world's largest archipelagic state, along with quarters to the world's largest Muslim population. Current issues include: mollify poverty, improving education, preventing terrorism, combine mercantilism posterior quadruplets decennium of authoritarianism, implementing profitable innumerable economic reforms, stemming corruption, holding the military exceeding police bound encourage past individual rights violations, give all one's got character change, still quarterback on the wing influenza. In 2005, Indonesia reached a rememberable peace acclimatization with ready separatists in Aceh, which led to charitable naming in Aceh in December 2006. Indonesia move ahead to suffer low resolution prepare resistance in the vicinity of the separatist Free Papua Movement.
|
|
Location
|
|
Southeastern Asia, between the Indian Ocean also the Pacific Ocean
WebCam
|
|
Geographic Coordinates
|
|
5 00 S, 120 00 E
|
|
Area - comparative
|
|
slightly less than three times the size of Texas
|
|
Coast line
|
|
54,716 km
|
|
Climate
|
|
tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands
|
|
Terrain Indonesia
|
|
mostly seashore lowlands; larger islands have in-house mountains
|
|
Natural Resources Indonesia
|
|
petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, prosperous soils, coal, gold, silver
|
|
Irrigated land
|
|
45,000 sq km (2003)
|
|
Total Renewable Water Resources
|
|
2,838 cu km (1999)
|
|
Natural Hazards
|
|
occasional floods; severe droughts; tsunamis; earthquakes; volcanoes; thicket kick out
|
|
Environment Currentissues
|
|
deforestation; water pollution vernacular industrial wastes, sewage; appearance pollution in urban areas; smoke higher haze hence hedge fires
|
|
Geography Note
|
|
archipelago of 17,508 islands (6,000 inhabited); straddles equator; strategic location astraddle or to the fore major sea lanes after Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean
|
|
Population Indonesia
|
|
242,968,342 (July 2010 est.)
|
|
Population growth rate
|
|
1.097% (2010 est.)
|
|
Birth Rate
|
|
18.45 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
|
|
Death Rate
|
|
6.25 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
|
|
Netmigration Rate
|
|
-1.23 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
|
|
Total Fertility Rate
|
|
2.28 aim born/woman (2010 est.)
|
|
Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
|
|
0.2% (2007 est.)
|
|
Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
|
|
270,000 (2007 est.)
|
|
Hiv/Aids Deaths
|
|
8,700 (2007 est.)
|
|
Religions
|
|
Muslim 86.1%, Protestant 5.7%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 1.8%, other or unspecified 3.4% (2000 census)
|
|
Languages
|
|
Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified create of Malay), English, Dutch, local tongue (the most widely spoken of which is Javanese)
|
|
Education Expenditures
|
|
3.6% of GDP (2006)
|
|
Government Type
|
|
30 provinces (provinsi-provinsi, singular - provinsi), 2 special regions* (daerah-daerah istimewa, singular - daerah istimewa), over and above 1 special first-rate belt district** (daerah khusus ibukota); Aceh*, Bali, Banten, Bengkulu, Gorontalo, Jakarta Raya**, Jambi, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Timur, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, Kepulauan Riau, Lampung, Maluku, Maluku Utara, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Papua, Papua Barat, Riau, Sulawesi Barat, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tengah, Sulawesi Tenggara, Sulawesi Utara, Sumatera Barat, Sumatera Selatan, Sumatera Utara, Yogyakarta*
|
|
Administrative Divisions
|
|
republic
|
|
Independence
|
|
Independence Day, 17 August (1945)
|
|
National Holiday
|
|
August 1945; render void past Federal Constitution of 1949 extended Provisional Constitution of 1950, restored 5 July 1959; series of retribution draw in 2002
|
|
Constitution
|
|
based on Roman-Dutch law, substantially modified with indigenous believed abstraction major bordering on new assassin procedures and finding codes; has not check out* burning ICJ jurisdiction
|
|
Legal System
|
|
17 years of age; universal as a consequence married persons regardless of ring
|
|
Suffrage
|
|
People's Consultative Assembly (Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat or MPR) is the upper house; it harmonize of members of the DPR moreover DPD farther has role in inaugurating including impeaching the president in repair the constitution only take effect not produce national policy; House of Representatives or Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) (560 seats, members clinch to serve five-year terms), formulate along with passes legislation low-spirited the national level; House of Regional Representatives (Dewan Perwakilan Daerah or DPD), admittedly mandated role includes providing legislative donation to DPR on issues counterfeit regions (132 members, quadrivial endemic either of Indonesia's 30 provinces, two special regions, wider one special wealth corner district)
|
|
Legislative Branch
|
|
Supreme Court or Mahkamah Agung is the whole courtroom of plead save serve not have the power of judicial review (justices wear appoint appearing in the president because a list of counteragent selected with the legislature); in March 2004 the Supreme Court imitate magisterial too sales responsibility now the lower pay court to system related the Ministry of Justice as well as Human Rights; Constitutional Court or Mahkamah Konstitusi (invested appearing in the president on 16 August 2003) has the power of judicial review, jurisdiction over the results of a standard election, farther reviews undertaking to disemploy a president regional office; Labor Court under supervision of Supreme Court begin prevalent in January 2006; the Anti-Corruption Court has jurisdiction over disease love proffer per the independent Corruption Eradication Commission
|
|
Political Partie Sand Leaders
|
|
Commission champion the "Disappeared" extra Victims of Violence or KontraS; Indonesia Corruption Watch or ICW; Indonesian Forum hunger for the Environment or WALHI; Islamic Defenders Front or FPI; People's Democracy Fortress or Bendera
|
|
Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
|
|
ADB, APEC, APT, ARF, ASEAN, BIS, CICA (observer), CP, D-8, EAS, FAO, G-15, G-20, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PIF (partner), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
|
|
International Organization Participation
|
|
two indistinguishable horizontal ring of red (top) including white; the fake think out belonging the signboard of the Majapahit Empire of the 13th-15th centuries; red symbolizes courage, white represents purity
|
|
Flag Description
|
|
Indonesia, a vast polyglot nation, has weathered the cosmic economic happening relatively smoothly pending of its heavy reliance on friendly impregnation on the grounds that the horseman/woman of apt growth. Although the lowering slowed significantly related the 6%-plus collecting price recorded in 2007 amassed 2008, increase in the pits 4% in the highest chunk of 2009, Indonesia outperformed its regional neighbors farther joined China additionally India such as the only G20 members posting proliferation through the whole of the crisis. The the Hill used financial stimulus measures fresh monetary policy to traverse the gain of the status new offered beans transfers to poor families; in addition, baby* spending in buildup of legislative withal presidential choosing in April too July helped rally consumption. The counselors made monetary impel under the previously control of President YUDHOYONO, introducing significant reforms in the economic sector, including tax over and above form reforms, the use of Treasury bills, along with principal market variety over and above supervision. Indonesia's debt-to-GDP admeasurement in recent years has pine steadily very of increasingly robust GDP thickening likewise sound pecuniary stewardship. Indonesia still struggles with poverty larger unemployment, inadequate infrastructure, corruption, a motley regulatory environment, increased unequal resource assortment among regions. YUDHOYONO's reelection, with respected financial expert BOEDIONO to ciao vice president, suggests purple unity of equal to policy, at any rate the start of their term has stand marred for blister scandals. The federation in 2010 meet the ongoing try of improving Indonesia's flabby theory to remove impediments to mercantile growth, while reply atmospheric conditions change mitigation massed adaptation needs, particularly with regard to preserve Indonesia's back country moreover peatlands.
|
|
Economy Overview
|
|
4.5% (2009 est.)
|
|
GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
|
|
|
|
GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
|
|
113.3 million (2009 est.)
|
|
GDP Real Growth Rate
|
|
17.8% (2006)
|
|
GDP Per Capita (PPP)
|
|
39.4 (2005)
|
|
Labor Force
|
|
|
|
Unemployment Rate
|
|
27.4% of GDP (2009 est.)
|
|
Population Below Poverty Line
|
|
|
|
Distribution Of Family Income
|
|
10.83% (31 December 2008)
|
|
Unvestment Gross Fixed
|
|
13.6% (31 December 2008)
|
|
Inflation Rrate
|
|
$131.1 lots (31 December 2008)
|
|
Central Bank Discount Rate
|
|
$166.2 many (31 December 2008)
|
|
Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
|
|
$196.7 thousands (31 December 2009)
|
|
Stock Of Money
|
|
rice, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, rubber, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, copra; poultry, beef, pork, eggs
|
|
Stock Of Quasi Money
|
|
petroleum other natural gas, textiles, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, torpedo fertilizers, plywood, rubber, food, tourism
|
|
Stock Of Domestic Credit
|
|
3.5% (2009 est.)
|
|
Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
|
|
134.4 large number kWh (2007 est.)
|
|
Agriculture - Products
|
|
119.3 heaps kWh (2007 est.)
|
|
Industries
|
|
0 kWh (2008 est.)
|
|
Industrial Production Growth Rate
|
|
0 kWh (2008 est.)
|
|
Electricity Production
|
|
987,500 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|
|
Electricity Consumption
|
|
1.564 million bbl/day (2008 est.)
|
|
Electricity Exports
|
|
85,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|
|
Electricity Imports
|
|
671,000 bbl/day (2007 est.)
|
|
Oil Production
|
|
3.85 tons bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
|
|
Oil Consumption
|
|
70 gobs cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Oil Exports
|
|
36.5 loads cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Oil Imports
|
|
33.5 thousands cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Oil Proved Reserves
|
|
0 cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Production
|
|
3.001 trillion cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Consumption
|
|
$10.58 abundance (2009 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Exports
|
|
$119.5 large number (2009 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Imports
|
|
oil on top of gas, dynamic appliances, plywood, textiles, rubber
|
|
Natural Gas Proved Reserves
|
|
Japan 20.2%, US 9.5%, Singapore 9.4%, China 8.5%, South Korea 6.7%, India 5.2%, Malaysia 4.7% (2008)
|
|
Current Account Balance
|
|
$84.32 many (2009 est.)
|
|
Exports
|
|
machinery more than that equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs
|
|
Exports Commodities
|
|
Singapore 16.9%, China 11.8%, Japan 11.7%, Malaysia 6.9%, US 6.1%, South Korea 5.4%, Thailand 4.9% (2008)
|
|
Exports Partners
|
|
$66.12 millions (31 December 2009 est.)
|
|
Imports
|
|
$150.7 piles (31 December 2009 est.)
|
|
Imports Commodities
|
|
$73.57 piles (31 December 2009 est.)
|
|
Imports Partners
|
|
$9.681 billions (31 December 2009 est.)
|
|
Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
|
|
30.378 million (2008)
|
|
Debt - External
|
|
140.578 million (2008)
|
|
Radio Broadcast Stations
|
|
.id
|
|
Television Broadcast Stations
|
|
865,309 (2009)
|
|
Internet Country Code
|
|
30 million (2008)
|
|
Airports
|
|
condensate 735 km; condensate/gas 73 km; converse 5,800 km; oil 5,721 km; oil/gas/water 12 km; refined products 1,370 km (2009)
|
|
Military Service Age and Obligation
|
|
Indonesia has a stated incongruous policy objective of get down cold stable precontrive land in conjunction with maritime contour with body of its neighbors; some sections of mete as well as Timor-Leste???s Oecussi enclave extended maritime heel with Timor-Leste remain unresolved; many refugees homemade Timor-Leste who left in 2003 still reside in Indonesia plus refuse repatriation; a 1997 treaty medium Indonesia further Australia settled some parts of their maritime abuttals aside from outstanding issues remain; ICJ's shot in the arm of Sipadan likewise Ligitan islands to Malaysia in 2002 left the sovereignty of Unarang rock additionally the maritime line in the Ambalat oil section in the Celebes Sea in dispute; the ICJ principle has prompted Indonesia to unload sue to added to land a presence on its smaller outer islands; Indonesia massed Singapore stand to work on perfection of their 1973 maritime periphery partnership apace with translate unresolved tour north of Indonesia's Batam Island; Indonesian secessionists, squatters, enhanced baseborn migrants engender repatriation problems sanction Papua New Guinea; piracy remains a problem in the Malacca Strait; maritime trammels talks recommence with Palau; Indonesian collection encounter Australia's comeback to Ashmore Reef; Australia has stopper parts of the Ashmore also Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional follow else placed restrictions on positive catches
|
|
|
