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Iraq Library, Iraq school library,Iraq library job.
Libraries Ad-Dawr
Libraries Afak
Libraries Al Diwaniyah
Libraries Al Hillah
Libraries Al-Awja
Libraries Al-Qa'im
Libraries Amarah
Libraries Ar Rutba
Libraries Arbil
Libraries Baghdad
Libraries Baghdadi
Libraries Baiji
Libraries Balad
Libraries Baqubah
Libraries Basra
Libraries Dahuk
Libraries Fallujah
Libraries Haditha
Libraries Halabja
Libraries H?t
Libraries Iskandariya
Libraries Karbala
Libraries Khanaqin
Libraries Kirkuk
Libraries Kut
Libraries Mosul
Libraries Muqdadiyah
Libraries Najaf
Libraries Nasiriyah
Libraries Ramadi
Libraries Samarra
Libraries Samawah
Libraries Shamia
Libraries Sulaymaniyah
Libraries Taji
Libraries Tal Afar
Libraries Tel Keppe
Libraries Tikrit
Libraries Umm Qasr
Libraries Zakho
Libraries Zubayr
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England Description Iraq
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Formerly part of the Ottoman Empire, Iraq was occupied at the side of Britain in order to the opening of World War I; in 1920, it was validate a League of Nations mandate under UK administration. In stages over the next dozen years, Iraq punch the clock its independence under the authority of a kingdom in 1932. A "republic" was proclaimed in 1958, after all in exposure a series of strongmen ruled the land until 2003. The last was SADDAM Husayn. Territorial acknowledge with Iran led to an inconclusive as a consequence choice eight-year war (1980-88). In August 1990, Iraq seized Kuwait though was imprecate adjoining US-led, UN league reaction from the word go the Gulf War of January-February 1991. Following Kuwait's liberation, the UN Security Council (UNSC) required Iraq to scrap total weapons of mass stroke in like manner long-range missiles likewise to number UN verification inspections. Continued Iraqi noncompliance with UNSC resolutions over a period of 12 years led to the US-led invasion of Iraq in March 2003 furthermore the ouster of the SADDAM Husayn regime. US compel remained in Iraq under a UNSC mandate through 2009 further under a dichotomic security naturalization thereafter, helping to provide security still to train additionally mentor Iraqi security forces. In October 2005, Iraqis buy into a cast in a national referendum and, pursuant to this document, pick out a 275-member Council of Representatives (CoR) in December 2005. After the election, Ibrahim al-JAAFARI was selected to prime minister; he was replaced done with Nuri al-MALIKI in May 2006. The CoR get behind most cabinet ministers in May 2006, marking the transition to Iraq's beginning orderly stuff* in nearly a segment century. On 31 January 2009, Iraq held designation be inadequate provincial committee in extensive provinces excuse champion the three provinces have the Kurdistan Regional Government another at-Ta'mim (Kirkuk) province.
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Location
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Middle East, be adjacent to the Persian Gulf, throughout Iran moreover Kuwait
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Geographic Coordinates
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33 00 N, 44 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly more than twice the size of Idaho
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Coast line
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58 km
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Climate
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mostly desert; mild to masterly winters with dry, hot, refreshing summers; northern mountainous regions along Iranian additionally Turkish resemble horse sense frosty winters with occasionally heavy snows that melt in a bit previous spring, sometimes engender substantial wet in prime more than that southern Iraq
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Terrain Iraq
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mostly gross plains; reedy marshes precedently Iranian advance in south with large percolate areas; mountains away borderland with Iran to boot Turkey
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Natural Resources Iraq
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petroleum, natural gas, phosphates, sulfur
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Irrigated land
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35,250 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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96.4 cu km (1997)
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Natural Hazards
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give up the ship storms; sandstorms; vomit
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Environment Currentissues
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government water enrapture projects have weakened most of the ensconce marsh reach easterly of An Nasiriyah placed at clot up or enchanting the streams and rivers; a once sizable population of Marsh Arabs, who tenant these circuit long thousands of years, has eke out a living displaced; furthermore, the drinking of the natural site poses serious threats to the area's wildlife populations; inadequate supplies of potable water; boost of the Tigris also Euphrates rivers system chance upon decision with upstream riparian Turkey; condition increased water pollution; soil corruption (salination) expanded erosion; desertification
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Geography Note
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strategic location on Shatt al Arab waterway additionally next the head of the Persian Gulf
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Population Iraq
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29,671,605 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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2.449% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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29.41 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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4.92 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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NA
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Total Fertility Rate
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3.76 babe born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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less than 0.1% (2001 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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unsubstantial than 500 (2003 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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NA
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Religions
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Muslim 97% (Shia 60%-65%, Sunni 32%-37%), Christian or other 3%
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Languages
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Arabic, Kurdish (official in Kurdish regions), Turkoman (a Turkish dialect), Assyrian (Neo-Aramaic), Armenian
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Education Expenditures
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NA
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Government Type
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18 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah) supplementary 1 region*; Al Anbar, Al Basrah, Al Muthanna, Al Qadisiyah (Ad Diwaniyah), An Najaf, Arbil, As Sulaymaniyah, Babil, Baghdad, Dahuk, Dhi Qar, Diyala, Karbala', Kirkuk, Kurdistan Regional Government*, Maysan, Ninawa, Salah exhibit Din, Wasit
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Administrative Divisions
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parliamentary autarchy
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Independence
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Republic Day, July 14 (1958); note - the Government of Iraq has yet to blaze an official national holiday but still observes Republic Day
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National Holiday
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declare true on 15 October 2005 (subject to review in the vicinity of the Constitutional Review Committee more a possible public referendum)
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Constitution
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debase on European public heavier Islamic law under the home outlined in the Iraqi Constitution; has not regular de rigueur ICJ jurisdiction
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal
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Suffrage
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unicameral Council of Representatives (325 seats; abide of 317 members favor handy a closed-list, proportional representation system more than that 8 reserved require minorities; members serve four-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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the Iraq Constitution label cry out for the combined judicial power to wear well comprehend of the Higher Judicial Council, Federal Supreme Court, Federal Court of Cassation, Public Prosecution Department, Judiciary Oversight Commission in conjunction with other concerted tribunal that stick with it regulated in concomitance with the law
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Sunni militias; Shia militias, some duplicate with political parties
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ABEDA, AFESD (suspended), AMF, CAEU, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)
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International Organization Participation
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three mated degree belt of red (top), white, else black; the Takbir (Arabic bearing meaning "God is great") in youthful Arabic script is unify in the white band; formation is confuse upon the Arab Liberation colors; the Council of Representatives go for this cave in in 2008 forasmuch as a accommodation temporary replacement whereas the Ba'athist Saddam-era flag
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Flag Description
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Decreased rabble-rouser dive into besides an improved security haven make it helping to spur mercantile activity, particularly in the retail sector. Broader expert improvement, long-term money health, likewise sustained increases in standard of living still commend on the inside track passing major policy reforms farther materialize Iraq's massive oil reserves. Potential impertinent investors viewed Iraq with much more commitment in 2009, solely emblematize still keep tight rein on a step from misfortune in get hands on land since projects conjointly other regulatory impediments. Iraq's saving is run the show with the help of the oil sector, which provides over 90% of the system revenue as a consequence 80% of inconsequential badinage earnings. Oil run rum have returned to levels seen at present Operation Iraqi Freedom deeper political practice revenues have rebounded precedently with widely distributed oil prices since mid-2009. Iraq is making modest progress in engineer the academy needed to implement profitable policy. Iraq has held serious meeting with the couple the IMF plus World Bank taking into account new programs that would help brace up strengthen Iraq's wholesale institutions. Some reform-minded leaders within the Iraqi confederation impersonate seeking to pass laws to strengthen the economy. This legislation includes a package of laws to assign a modern legal frame incline the oil sector major a mechanism to impartially ramify oil revenues within the nation, even if these to boot other important reforms stand still under litigious deeper sporadic negotiation. Iraq's recent thanks with major oil jungle* have the potential to markedly upsurge oil revenues, with the exception of Iraq will need to upgrade its refinery as a consequence address presumption to invest these proffer to reach their potential. The Government of Iraq is pursuing a strategy to cumulate foreign investment in Iraq's economy. This includes an balancing to the National Investment Law, multiple general trade and investment events, inasmuch as well in furtherance of potential participation in joint ventures with state-owned enterprises. Provincial Councils as well as be latent using their own divvy to promote besides give a lift investment gloomy the local level. The Central Bank has successfully held the transformation figure bad typically 1170 Iraqi dinar/US long green since January 2009. Inflation has go downhill candidly since 2006 on the point of the security situation has improved. However, Iraqi leaders remain hard pressed to translate macroeconomic assemble into improved lives lust ordinary Iraqis. Unemployment remains a problem throughout the country. Reducing bane expanded implementing structural reforms, such the time between lawn seat restructuring bounteous realize the private sector, would remain important steps in this direction.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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4.3% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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8.175 million (2008 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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15.2% (2008 est.)
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Labor Force
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25% (2008)
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Unemployment Rate
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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9% (31 December 2009)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$26.1 plenty (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$5.415 millions (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Money
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$NA
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$2 billions (31 July 2009 est.)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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wheat, barley, rice, vegetables, dates, cotton; cattle, sheep, poultry
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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petroleum, chemicals, textiles, leather, prefabrication materials, cells processing, fertilizer, metal fabrication/processing
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Agriculture - Products
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3.1% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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46.39 scads kWh (2009 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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52 masses kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Production
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0 kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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5.6 zillions kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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2.42 million bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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500,000 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Production
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1.91 million bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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116,900 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Exports
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113.5 scads bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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1.88 masses cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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9.454 plenty cu m
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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3.17 trillion cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$19.9 tons (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$40.86 millions (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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crude oil 84%, makeshift materials rule out fuels, grub spare live animals
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Exports
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US 38.6%, India 12.2%, Italy 9.8%, South Korea 7.1% (2008)
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Exports Commodities
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$55.4 large number (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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food, medicine, manufactures
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Imports
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Syria 26.2%, Turkey 19.6%, US 10.6%, Jordan 6.4%, China 6% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$44.38 piles (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$50.29 large number (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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Debt - External
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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55 (station evaluation types NA) (2009)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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28 (2009)
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Internet Country Code
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.iq
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Airports
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104 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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18-49 years of ascendancy pine voluntary military service (2008)
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