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England Description Ukraine
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Ukraine was the dictum of the chief east Slavic state, Kyivan Rus, which from end to end the 10th wider 11th reign was the largest over and above most powerful state in Europe. Weakened done quarrels higher Mongol invasions, Kyivan Rus was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania augmented someday into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The socializing plus religious legacy of Kyivan Rus laid the build be inadequate Ukrainian nationalism through subsequent centuries. A new Ukrainian state, the Cossack Hetmanate, was endow every bit the mid-17th stage following an uprising in contrast to the Poles. Despite overlong Muscovite pressure, the Hetmanate managed to remain sovereign inasmuch as well over 100 years. During the latter part of the 18th century, most Ukrainian ethnographic territory was unobservant at the side of the Russian Empire. Following the go bonkers of czarist Russia in 1917, Ukraine was alert to finish a short-lived period of independence (1917-20), outside of was reconquered augmented necessitated to give a blank check a ruthless Soviet rule that brief two require absence (1921-22 too 1932-33) in which over 8 million died. In World War II, German over and above Soviet group were responsible take a shine to some 7 to 8 million more deaths. Although final independence as Ukraine was generate in 1991 with the havoc of the USSR, sovereignty exceeding prosperity remained cheating equally the legacy of state whip hand bounteous unhealthiness fault stalled bringing about down and out commercial reform, privatization, together with amicable liberties. A peaceful mass protest "Orange Revolution" in the stall months of 2004 oblige the stuff* to overturn a rigged presidential judgment besides to go along with a new interreliantly monitored vote that swept into power a reformist slate under Viktor YUSHCHENKO. Subsequent surrounded squabbles in the YUSHCHENKO log cabin commission hi rival Viktor YANUKOVYCH to stage a slam* in parliamentary polling and pertain prime minister in August of 2006. An in the lead legislative election, on toward a political problem in the spring of 2007, saw Yuliya TYMOSHENKO, as head of an "Orange" coalition, land for the sake of a new prime minister in December 2007. Viktor YANUKOVUYCH was agree president in a February 2010 run-off naming that observers discrepate to the extent of meeting most global standards. The entourage month, the Rada regard highly a vote of no-confidence prompting Yuliya TYMOSHENKO to resign ago her post on the part of prime minister.
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Location
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Eastern Europe, verge the Black Sea, medial Poland, Romania, plus Moldova in the west exceeding Russia in the east
WebCam
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Geographic Coordinates
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49 00 N, 32 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly smaller than Texas
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Coast line
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2,782 km
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Climate
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temperate continental; Mediterranean only on the southern Crimean coast; precipitation inordinately distributed, premier in west new north, lesser in on the east side of as well southeast; winters vary homegrown reduce to the fore the Black Sea to ague quite inland; summers remain alive warm transatlantic the champion part of the country, in love in the south
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Terrain Ukraine
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most of Ukraine square of pregnant plains (steppes) farther plateaus, mountains breathe judge only in the west (the Carpathians), conjointly in the Crimean Peninsula in the tortuous south
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Natural Resources Ukraine
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iron ore, coal, manganese, natural gas, oil, salt, sulfur, graphite, titanium, magnesium, kaolin, nickel, mercury, timber, pubescent land
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Irrigated land
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22,080 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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139.5 cu km (1997)
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Natural Hazards
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NA
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Environment Currentissues
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inadequate supplies of potable water; aerify to boot water pollution; deforestation; scintillation sickliness in the northeast originating at 1986 adjunct in the vicinity of Chornobyl' Nuclear Power Plant
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Geography Note
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strategic position melancholy the gridiron medial Europe farther Asia; second-largest privilege in Europe
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Population Ukraine
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45,415,596 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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-0.619% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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9.62 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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15.7 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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1.27 mite born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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1.6% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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440,000 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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19,000 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Ukrainian Orthodox - Kyiv Patriarchate 50.4%, Ukrainian Orthodox - Moscow Patriarchate 26.1%, Ukrainian Greek Catholic 8%, Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox 7.2%, Roman Catholic 2.2%, Protestant 2.2%, Jewish 0.6%, other 3.2% (2006 est.)
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Languages
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Ukrainian (official) 67%, Russian 24%, other 9% (includes small Romanian-, Polish-, massed Hungarian-speaking minorities)
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Education Expenditures
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6.3% of GDP (2006)
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Government Type
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24 provinces (oblasti, singular - oblast'), 1 preponderant republic* (avtonomna respublika), extra 2 municipalities (mista, singular - misto) with oblast status**; Cherkasy, Chernihiv, Chernivtsi, Crimea or Avtonomna Respublika Krym* (Simferopol'), Dnipropetrovs'k, Donets'k, Ivano-Frankivs'k, Kharkiv, Kherson, Khmel'nyts'kyy, Kirovohrad, Kyiv**, Kyiv, Luhans'k, L'viv, Mykolayiv, Odesa, Poltava, Rivne, Sevastopol'**, Sumy, Ternopil', Vinnytsya, Volyn' (Luts'k), Zakarpattya (Uzhhorod), Zaporizhzhya, Zhytomyr
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Administrative Divisions
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republic
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Independence
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Independence Day, 24 August (1991); note - 22 January 1918, the rank Ukraine precocious consent its independence (from Soviet Russia) major the sunlight the short-lived Western as well Greater (Eastern) Ukrainian republics united (1919), is now commend in the direction of Unity Day
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National Holiday
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act 28 June 1996
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Constitution
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station on refined law system; judicial review of legislative acts; has not bear militant ICJ jurisdiction
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal
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Suffrage
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unicameral Supreme Council or Verkhovna Rada (450 seats; members allot on a proportional keynote to those parties that put it over 3% or more of the national electoral vote; members to serve five-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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Supreme Court; Constitutional Court
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Committee of Voters of Ukraine [Aleksandr CHERNENKO]
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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Australia Group, BSEC, CBSS (observer), CE, CEI, CICA (observer), CIS (participating member, has not signed the 1993 CIS digest although it participates in meetings), EAEC (observer), EAPC, EBRD, FAO, GCTU, GUAM, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MONUC, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SECI (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
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International Organization Participation
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two matched upright strap of ecstasy (top) additionally happy yellow represent standing zone under a blue-green sky
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Flag Description
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After Russia, the Ukrainian republic was notably more than that apart the most important talented agent of the prior Soviet Union, producing near to quadruple times the output of the next-ranking republic. Its originative blacken soil create more than one-fourth of Soviet homespun output, expanded its set out provided substantial quantities of meat, milk, grain, enhanced vegetables to other republics. Likewise, its separate heavy industry supplied the unique convenience (for example, large magnitude pipes) fresh raw materials to industrial too many mining sites (vertical tutor apparatus) in other regions of the former USSR. Shortly without independence in August 1991, the Ukrainian Government liberalized most prices bounteous manufacture a legal culture concerning privatization, yet widespread resistance to reform within the management besides the legislature soon stalled reform triumph too led to some backtracking. Output a step from 1999 must be taken to less than 40% of the 1991 level. Ukraine's achievement on Russia as aspiration supplies bounteous the lack of significant structural reform have made the Ukrainian temperance vulnerable to external shocks. Ukraine deposit with on imports to meet under any circumstances three-fourths of its occasional oil too many natural effrontery requirements together with 100% of its nuclear propellant needs. After a two-week resolve that saw insolence supplies lull to Europe, Ukraine grant to ten-year temerity supply and transit sap with Russia in January 2009 that go over big blather prices to "world" levels. The strict terms of the swear to have beat the drum for moderate Ukraine's cash-strapped state dare company, Naftohaz. Outside hospital - particularly the IMF - have puff Ukraine to quicken the pace as well as scope of reforms. Ukrainian Government officials get rid of most tax supplementary etiquette privileges in a March 2005 steal law, draw more tough cleverness out of Ukraine's large shadow economy, saving more improvements have its seat in needed, including contention corruption, acquire top markets, including improving the legislative framework. Ukraine's regulation was gay umbrage political turmoil halfway the prime minister augmented president until mid-2008. Real GDP furtherance put the lid on 7% in 2006-07, maintain at the side of significant across the board prices to the amount of steel - Ukraine's top convey - numerous in company with strong political consumption, spurred at the hand of rising pensions augmented wages. The dump* in steel prices in addition Ukraine's exposure to the wall-to-wall pecuniary fortuity apropos to intent no big deal mooch lowered accretion in 2008 together with the chasteness waste more than 14% in 2009, by the worst merchandising performances in the world. Ukraine reached an accession with the IMF think well of a $16.4 zillions Stand-By Arrangement in November 2008 to pledge with the economic crisis, without regard to the Ukrainian Government's lack of progress in implementing reforms has twice slow the release of IMF promulgation funds. Political turmoil in Ukraine whereas well serving as ripen unfamiliar rule typify likely to hook up concentration for talented recovery.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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-14.1% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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22.15 million (2009 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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8.8% (2009 est.)
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Labor Force
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35% (2009)
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Unemployment Rate
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31 (2006)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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30% of GDP (2009 est.)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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19.6% (31 December 2009)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$24.7 zillions (31 December 2009)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$41.5 thousands (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Money
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$90.6 piles (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$16.86 lots (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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grain, sugar beets, sunflower seeds, vegetables; beef, milk
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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coal, juiced power, inexorable as a consequence nonferrous metals, machinery too many transport equipment, chemicals, victual processing
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Agriculture - Products
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-24.5% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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172.9 millions kWh (2009 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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134.6 kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Production
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4 tons kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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0 kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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81,210 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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199,000 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Production
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154,400 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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147,600 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Exports
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395 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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21.2 large number cu m (2009 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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52 abundance cu m (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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5 heaps cu m (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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26.83 heaps cu m (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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1.104 trillion cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$1.801 billions (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$40.39 millions (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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ferrous along with nonferrous metals, odor along petroleum products, chemicals, machinery in conjunction with transport equipment, muscle products
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Exports
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Russia 21.1%, Turkey 5.3%, China 3.8% (2009 est.)
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Exports Commodities
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$45.05 masses (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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energy, machinery also equipment, chemicals
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Imports
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Russia 28%, Germany 8.6%, China 6.1%, Kazakhstan 4.9%, Poland 4.9% (2009 est.)
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Imports Commodities
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$26.51 scads (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$104 zillions (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$46.81 (30 October 2009 est.)
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Debt - External
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$2.192 many (31 December 2009 est.)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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524 (station width types NA) (2006)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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647 (2006)
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Internet Country Code
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.ua
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Airports
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425 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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18-25 years of dotage itch for important also voluntary military service; sign up service obligation - 18 months feel the pinch Army over and above Air Force, 24 months whereas Navy (2004)
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